Contents:
- Why keep the family budget?
- The forms of the family budget
- The methods of the family budget
- How to do home accounts?
- How to plan and take into account the costs?
- How to save the family budget?
The fact that money is like the expense, it is not necessary to convince anyone. Even powerful states its budget planning and control. Life is like a small state with its own wars, divide the territory, the population explosion and defaults. Therefore, the existence of such a successful mini-state needs economic stability. From it depends on the prosperity and social well-being, and "international" status. And the question of how to keep the family budget, is for every unit of society is not an idle one.
Of course, the income and expenses of the family will never make it to a national scale, but the economic laws are the same everywhere. Therefore, planning the family budget is also subject to these laws. A violation of this Code is fraught with very unpleasant consequences up to the economic crisis and the collapse of the "state". All families are divided into those that keep records of their income and expenses, and those who prefer to live spontaneously. Moreover, the choice of financial policy of the family often does not depend on its level of well-being. However, the reasons that lead the family budget is still necessary, not too little.
Why keep the family budget?
Home accounting disciplines, eliminating the temptation of unjustified spending, to stimulate the economy and, as a result, can improve the material well-being. In addition, to maintain the family budget, there are other reasons. What gives us the practice of conducting the domestic bookkeeping?
- It helps to quickly reach the goal
The undeniable advantage of a planned family economy - financial stability. When you set certain goals, entailing specific spending money, then, firstly, the goals you achieve much faster and easier, and secondly, do not puzzle over where to get money for their implementation. Then, they are planned expenditures, to them has always been money.
- It allows you to control costs
Uncontrolled waste of money and no one ever drove to the good. The best of the worst that you can expect in this case - suddenly empty purse long before the next paycheck. The worst - the debt pit, where you will inevitably find yourself, because to live in something should be, and the money by themselves do not appear. So we're looking for right away, who would shoot the coin, to somehow be interrupted to paycheck. Only here we forget that we take other people's money, and for a short while, and give your and forever. And as a result - a vicious circle and the constant shortage of money.
- It enables gentle savings
Have you ever wondered what you can save with virtually no damage to themselves and their families? It is understood that the pleasant things (like ice cream on the way home) is always necessary. But if such an amount as we currently allow? Having considered the money spent, you just horrified how many are making unnecessary purchases during the week (and even for one day!). Statistics confirm that such unnecessary and unjustified spending accounts for about 20% of the family budget. That is, out of every thousand two hundred rubles you simply throw out!
- It strengthens the family relationships
Paradoxically, the respect for the money - an indicator of love to their loved ones. After all, what is expressed true love? In caring. And what could be more obvious manifestation of care than planned spending on family members? Joint planning promotes rapprochement, understanding and respect for the needs of all households.
- Ensures funds for unforeseen expenses
Planning costs and revenues will enable you to save money in reserve. In the same "black day", which sooner or later everyone. Although unplanned expenses does not necessarily have to be linked to the misfortunes or difficulties. In any case, knowing how to conduct the family budget, you can economize a certain amount of it on the sudden costs. So that such events will never catch you by surprise.
- It allows you to define the priorities in life
It is keeping the family budget will allow you to determine what is really important in your life. Perhaps, considering how much money you spend on the purchase of glamor magazines and weekly update your collection of nail polish, you will see that over the past year on this amount could buy something more worthwhile. And the amount of money spent on cigarettes and beer will make you understand why you still have not thinking to make repairs in the hallway.
In general, management of the family budget will allow any family gain financial independence (above all from their addictions and empty cash expenses). So keep the family budget or not - is not a question. The question is: how to keep the family budget?
The forms of the family budget
Before starting the financial control and planning of their family budget, decide its form. You have three options: a joint budget, separate budget or part of the general budget.
The most traditional and still most correct (according to many) the form of the family budget. This is an option when the husband gives his wife the entire salary (the opposite is rare) and it has to dispose of the money, add on to them his own salary. The second half has to be satisfied with his wife sums allocated for travel and lunch. And then she hurt inflate sponge where, they say, the flowers on the eighth of March and spirits wedding anniversary. What is forced to do a loving husband? That's right, he is forced to make a nest egg and since these details, cheating better half.
If the end of the month the money somehow suddenly come to an end, then it will have had to listen to reproaches unreasonable waste of money and an inability to keep the family budget. So judge for yourself: the form of some kind would have the right, but not the most effective and fair. While supporters of such a relationship is quite competently can lead the family budget without sacrificing favorable psychological atmosphere in the family.
A very popular form of family income among young couples. This form is dictated by modern conditions, modern lifestyle and modern attitude. And despite the fact that the older generation disapprovingly refers to a model of the formation of the family budget, youth prefers it. However, this model is good in the case where both husband and wife work (or have their own source of income). General family expenses are divided equally or in proportion to the income of the spouse, one pays for an apartment, buy a second product, and so on. The remaining money the couple spend at its discretion.
However, when the family appears a small child, and the woman stays at home, this model of the family budget is irrelevant. You can not keep separate budget, and in the case when one of the spouses is simply due to some other reasons, has no income.
- Part of the overall budget
The compromise form of the family budget. In common fund are not all of the money earned by their spouses, but only their majority (seventy percent). The rest of the money remains in the satisfaction of personal interests. Or a slightly different version of the general part of the family budget. All major spending takes on someone who earns more, for example, the husband. And the salary of his wife (small) is deposited on a summer holiday or some large purchase. This woman could some of these funds to spend on little things pleasant for yourself. And by the way, in this form of the family budget should be taken into account and unpaid domestic work as cooks, laundresses and cleaners. That is the wife contributes to the family budget is not money, but by deeds.
The methods of the family budget
Having defined the model of the formation of your family budget, you need to choose a way of doing it. Here you have little choice. Accounting Principle one: recording of income and expenditure, planning and debriefing. With proper conduct of the family budget would not hurt even a financial analysis that identifies unnecessary and unjustified spending, choose the way of cost savings and profit forecast. Too scientifically sound? Do not worry: it's not so scary as it may seem.
To start with the home accounting tools. You can create a special notebook (Ledger) and a calculator, but you can also use the computer. First, conduct a successful home based accounting spreadsheet editor allows Microsoft Office Excel. By the way, a good reason to learn this program if you do not know how to work in it. Second, you can take advantage of free personal finance programs or special online services of the Internet.
You will only need to fill in the corresponding income and expense items, and count all the program itself. After the first two or three months conducting home bookkeeping you understand how to calculate costs, save money and plan for savings.
How to do home accounts?
In fact, how to conduct the family budget, nothing complicated. You have a total family income, which consists of a husband and wife earned money and all sorts of bonuses, cash gifts, interest from investments and other sources of income. In addition, you have items of expenditure that can be divided into compulsory, optional and unplanned.
By the way (as we mentioned above), Home Bookkeeping just allows you to schedule unplanned expenses, that is to have some money for unexpected expenses. The amount set aside for compulsory expenditure, is generally known and is stable until the rise utility tariffs and prices for products. This amount you spend is inevitable, so it should be immediately deducted from the total income. But with the remainder you can already "pokoldovat."
So we count the income of a family for a month. Now we add up all the compulsory payments: utilities, mortgage payments, payment of school or kindergarten and so on. Now subtract that amount from the income and get the remainder. Balance is also necessary to plan. The amount you should be divided into the following main categories of expenditure:
- Buying food (expenditure necessary but not fixed).
- Domestic purchases (clothing, household items, small and large appliances, etc., etc.).
- NZ - money set aside for a "rainy day (usually a fixed amount, which is to this very day, and if necessary replenished).
- Storage means (made up of the savings of money and windfall: premium part, are planned for the purchase of expensive purchases, the holidays and vacation).
- Spending on (including any costs that make life more pleasant and more interesting).
Naturally, the lion's share of your expenses will be buying food and household details. And generally distribute income families economists advise as follows: 50% - necessary needs, 30% - optional but desirable costs, 20% - or emergency reserve funds for accumulation.
How to plan and take into account the costs?
All income divide in half. One half of the budget must go to the compulsory payments and vital foodstuffs. The amount of obligatory payments to be your planned from the outset and immediately deducted from this half. In addition to the rent and payments on loans in this article cost register, such as a fee for the garage or cottage, children's music school (sports section), or kindergarten, Internet payment and money put into the account of mobile phones. That is, this article includes all payments that you just have to do. If the payment amount exceeds half of your household budget, you have to plan for new opportunities to increase revenue or decrease the amount of these payments (registration of rent subsidies, for example). Although in this case, it will likely have to economize on food or other purchases.
The balance of the first half of the budget will amount to an expense of food. Spending on food, divide by week. This includes, and the money needed for lunch at work or school, as well as pet food (they are also members of the family). With proper conduct of the family budget, you do not have to spend on food more money than planned. If at the end of the week are the money under this item, you can add on the rest of the sum of the following week (and afford anything superfluous) or to attribute it to the NC or to the means of accumulation.
Spending on essential household stuff should also be planned (those thirty percent). Consider all the shopping, all the money spent on travel, on a hike in a cafe or at a swimming pool or the hairdresser, the purchase of medicines. Again, competent accounting home will allow you to plan in proportion to income and spend money for that expenditure.
NZ and means of accumulation - the money left after you pay for all services, the purchase of food, clothing and household details. And if the money is not there? It can not be. After you plan your family budget, allocating costs respectively revenues. This is the main advantage of the planned economy of the family. By the way, to replenish those items of expenditure may be due to competent and painless savings.
How to save the family budget?
Let's start with the fact that you can start saving with the main items of expenditure - utility payments. Reduce the rent of course you can not, but pay less for the gas and the water quite real. Install timers. Believe me, that the cost of their installation will pay off very quickly, and give for gas and water, you will have much smaller amounts. Or, for example, a home phone. Many of you are talking to him? Maybe we should opt out of the landline phone, or at least change the tariff?
Savings on food. At first glance, this looks like the economy, at least blasphemous. However, nothing wrong with that. Save allows you to, for example, a list of essential products, drawn up before going to the store. Compare prices for the same products in different stores at the end of the day discounts or promotions, purchases on the wholesale market or in the shop of an economy class will allow you to save without compromising on quality and quantity of your home menu.
The same applies to other purchases. If you set out to save the family budget, then do not hesitate to track sales and compare prices. You should not pay more for branded thing sold in the boutique in the city center, if the same is sold cheaper at another store. Expensive furniture or appliances can also be purchased at a discount.
Savings just replenish budget line savings. And let the replenishment of this article will not be immediately large, but five hundred rubles, save each month, six months turned into three thousand (and this is something). And do not be tempted to take money from the emergency reserve. That's why he and integrity to help you out at the appropriate moment. Otherwise, such a time must come when in NZ you will be nothing.
If you begin to control your spending if you know how to keep the family budget, you will be able to avoid many unpleasant situations related to lack of money. Do not forget that the money should not determine your prosperity, and the ability to properly dispose of them. Take the first step: the road by walking.
